Coleus barbatus var. grandis [Syn: Plectranthus barbatus var. grandis/Plectranthus grandis/Coleus grandis]

 

An introduced shrub with country of origin unknown. Also found in tropical East Africa. Widely cultivated as a hedge plant in the upper midlands and higher hills from 1100 to 2100 m elevations. Occasionally found as an escape by watercourses close to habitations but never been known in the wild. However nothing is known about its having been introduced into the country. Flowering from September to February. 

යක් වනස්ස [Yak Wanassa] (Anisomeles indica)

An indigenous perennial herb. Common weed in waste places and roadsides in both dry and wet lowlands and lower hills from sea level to 700 m elevations.  Flowering from September to February and July. 

Basilicum polystachyon

An indigenous herb grows on damp grounds of the dry lowlands, along secondary forest edges, roadside ditches and tanks of the intermediate zone. Flowering from March to July.

කොල්ලන් කොළ/ගං කොල්ලන් කොළ/ගස් කොලන් කොළ[ Kollan Kola/Gan Kollan Kola/Gas Kolan Kola] (Pogostemon heyneanus)

An indigenous undershrub common in damp undergrowth of montane forests in the lower and higher uplands from 700 to 2000 m a.s.l. Also cultivated in the lowlands as a medicinal plant. Flowering from January to October.  Leaves and roots used in medicine.

Coleus kanneliyensis [Syn: Plectranthus kanneliyensis]

An endemic perennial herb grows in partial shade by streams in secondary wet lowland forests up to about 200 m a.s.l. A gregarious plant flowering from June to September. 

ගස් තලා/ඕ තලා[Gas tala/O tala]/Shrubby Basil/Wild Basil(Ocimum gratissimum)

Common native shrub or undershrub found along shaded roadsides and waste places from sea level to about 530 m a.s.l. Flowering throughout the year. The leaves have a mint or camphor like scent when bruised.  

Coleus malabaricus [Syn: Plectranthus malabaricus]

Large indigenous herb restricted to the shaded places near streams in secondary submontane forests from 640 to 1400 m elevations. Rarely also occurs in wet lowland forests. Flowering throughout the year. 

Isodon nigrescens

An indigenous herb rather common in shaded roadside ditches and damp undergrowth of submontane to montane forests from 1000 -2700 m a.s.l, often close to streams. Flowering throughout the year.

* Isodon hians (Benth.) H.W.Li.  is now considered as a synonym of  Isodon nigrescens (Benth.) H.Hara

Coleus Inflatus [Syn: Plectranthus inflatus]

Large endemic perennial herb grows in partial shade close to streams in secondary montane forests from 1200 to 2600 a.s.l. Flowering most of the year. 

Scarlet Sage/Tropical Sage (Salvia splendens)

An introduced ornamental shrub native to the Brazil. Popular bedding plant of gardens.

Salvia misella [Salvia riparia]

An introduced perennial herb native to Mexico to Peru and West Indies. Introduced as an ornamental. Escaped and naturalized along roadsides in partial shade in the lower hills and dry lowlands from 200 - 2000 m elevations. Flowering from March to December.

මදුරු තලා [Maduru Thala]Sacred Basil/Holy Basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum)

Common native herb occurs along roadsides and open waste places from lowlands to about 530 m elevations. Flowering from December to August. 

Knobweed (Hyptis capitata)

Introduced large herb native to tropical America. First collected from Sri Lanka in 1953. Naturalized in waste places and along roadsides in slightly shaded places, often close to ditches and watercourses. It occurs from wet lowlands to lower hills up to 600 m a.s.l. Flowering from January to September.   

Isodon walkeri

Rather common indigenous annual herb occurs in shaded or semi-exposed rocky edges of forest streams in the montane zone above 1400 m a.s.l. Flowering from January to February.

Crimson sage (Salvia coccinea)

An introduced herb native to Mexico. Widely cultivated in home gardens. Flowering throughout the year. Sometimes escaped and naturalized near gardens. Flower color and size variable and occurs in bright red, white and pink.

Coleus/Painted nettle (Plectranthus scutellarioides)

Native perennial herb of Eastern Asia and Malaysia. Extensively cultivated from lowlands to hills in gardens owing to its variable (Usually combinations of red, brown, pink, green and yellow ) brightly colored leaves. Flowering throughout the year. 

Cat's whiskers (Orthosiphon aristatus)

A herb native to southeast Asia, cultivated in gardens as an ornamental. 

විළඳ වැන්න/ගැට-තුඹ[Wiladhawenna/Gata-tumba] (Leucas biflora)

Common indigenous herb occurs in waste places, roadsides, patana lands and forests from lowlands to about 2700m elevations. Flowering throughout the year. 

Leucas marrubioides

Perennial indigenous herb common in rocky embankments and roadsides from 100m altitude in dry lowlands to about 2000m a.s.l. in the hills. Common in the Uva province.Flowering throughout the year. 

මහ යක්වැනැස්ස[aha-yakwanassa]/ Lion’s ear (Leonotis nepetifolia)

Maha-yakwanassa is an indigenous locally common herb in waste places, roadsides etc. in dry and intermediate zones from lowlands to about 400m. Flowering from November to June.