බට්ටිච්චා (Orthotomus sutorius)

දිවයින පුරා සියළුම දේශගුණික කලාප වල ග්‍රාමීය මෙන්ම නාගරික ගෙවතු වල මෙන්ම, හොඳින් ගහකොළ සහිත ස්ථාන වලත් ඉතාමත් සුලභ ලෙස හමුවන දේශිය පක්ෂියෙකි.  නිතර හඩ නගමින් ඔවුනොවුන් අතර සම්බන්ධය තබා ගනිමින්, ජෝඩු වශයෙන් ගස් සහ පඳුරු වල අතු අතර හැසිරෙමින්, කුඩා කෘමීන්, මකුළුවන් වැනි සතුන් ගොදුරු කරගනී. බොහෝවිට වසර පුරාම පාහේ අභිජනනය කරන මුත් ප්‍රධාන වශයෙන් පෙබරවාරි-මාර්තු අතර කාලයේ විශාල කොලයක දෙපස එකට එකතු කර මසා හෝ කොල දෙකක් හෝ කිහිපයක් එකට තබා මසා තනන කූඩුවක බිත්තර දෙකක් හෝ තුනක් දමා පැටවුන් බිහිකරයි.

 
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පඳුරු හම්බුකුරුල්ලා/බලයිත්ගේ පන් රැවියා (Acrocephalus dumetorum)

දිවයින පුරාම පාහේ ගෙවතු, පන් ගාල්, ගොවි බිම් සහ ලඳු කැලෑ වලට පැමිණෙන සංචාරක පක්ෂියෙකි. වසරේ ඔක්තෝබර්-නොවැම්බර් මාස වලදී මෙරටට පැමිණෙන මෙම පක්ෂියා ප්‍රධාන වශයෙන් කෘමීන් ආහාර කරගන්නා අතර පඳුරු සහ ගස් අතු අතර සැරිසරමින් කෘමීන් ගොදුරු කරගනී. රාත්‍රී කාලයේදී ඝනව වැවුණු පඳුරක් තුල හෝ වගුරු බිමක ඇති පන් ගාලක නවාතැන් ගන්නා මෙම පක්ෂියා අප්‍රියෙල්- මැයි මාස වලදී නැවත සිය නිජභූමිය වූ නැගෙනහිර යුරෝපය සහ උතුරු ආසියාව කරා ගොස් අභිජනන ක්‍රියාවලියේ නිරත වේ. 

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Clamorous Reed-warbler/Great Reed-warbler/Indian Great Reed Warbler (Acrocephalus stentoreus)

 Locally rather common breeding resident of reedbeds in wetlands and tangled vegetations growing in or near tanks and marshes of the dry lowlands. Also occasionally occurs in similar habitats of the wet zone.  It lives as pairs and feeds on small insects. Clamorous Reed-warbler breeds from March to August. The nest is a large deep cup made up of dry reed leaves, placed among reed stems where it lays two or three eggs.

Blyth's Reed-warbler (Acrocephalus dumetorum)

Rather common winter migrant to gardens, reed-beds, plantations and scrublands throughout the island. It arrives in October to November and during its stay in the island Blyth's Reed-warbler entirely feeds on small insects, while hopping actively among bushes and trees in search of them. In the evening it likes to settle on a dense shrub or a reed-bed in a marsh. It breeds in Eastern Europe and Northern Asia and leaving the island in April to May.

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Annotated checklist of Vagrant Old World Warblers (Family: Sylviidae) recorded in Sri Lanka

    Birds that appear outside their normal range are known as vagrants. This post summarizes up to date published sight records of vagrants of the family Sylviidae (Old World Warblers) in Sri Lanka.
   
  Confirmed vagrants

     1) Broad-tailed grassbird (Schoenicola platyurus)

Legge found a single specimen of this bird in British museum which was procured by Hugh Cuming [A well known collector of shells and other natural history specimens] from Ceylon. He doubted it as a straggler in Sri Lanka and gave a most probable place where this bird can be occurred since once he met with a bird with similar disposition, which has never before seen in Ceylon from that place. The place he mentioned is Muthurajawela marsh which he described as “great swamp lying between the Negombo canal and the highroad to that place from Colombo”(Legge V. 1880:694-95). Wait while assuming it as a rare resident species writes: “Messrs. Cave [Walter A. Cave] and Symons [C.S. Symons] believe they once saw two specimens in lantana scrub near the government bunglows in Colombo”(Wait W.E., 1931). Phillips mentioned about two more rather doubtful sight records in 1939. Single bird at Gammaduwa in the East Mathale hills and another two birds on a hillside at Waitalawa, Nugatenna,( 2500ft), in the Rangala hills to the North of Kandy. Both of above instances birds were observed in tall ‘Mana’ grass.(Phillips W.W.A., 1978:79). Wijesinghe discussed the evidence related to the specimen mentioned by Legge and concluded that there would seems to be little or no ground for including it in the Sri Lankan list (Wijesinghe, D. P., 1983). However base on Phillips sight records (Those were reassured to Wijesinghe by Phillips himself by a letter stating that he is almost certain of identification) and several other circumstantial evidence he discussed in his paper suggested that this species could be an occasional visitor to Sri Lanka (Wijesinghe, D. P., 1983) Ranasinghe (Ranasinghe, D. B., 1997) believes it as a probable vagrant to low lands and lower hills.

Unconfirmed vagrants:

Species for which there are only one or two sight records exist categorized here as unconfirmed vagrants. Problematic records without sufficient details are also included.

     2) Pale-footed bush-warbler ( Cettia pallidipes )

Single sight record at Kandy in March 1993 by A.J. Vincent is the only record (Kotagama S. & Ratnavira G., 2010:287)

     3) Lanceolated Warbler (Locustella lanceolata)

A sight record by Deepal Warakagoda of a single bird at Bellanwila-Attidiya marsh in 12^th October 1991 is the only record of the occurrence of Lanceolated Warbler in Sri Lanka (Warakagoda, D., 1992). It remained there till the end of April/early May of 1992 (Hoffmann, T. W., 1993)

     4) Dusky Warbler (Phylloscopus fuscatus)

Deepal warakagoda, U.Sirivardena and Kithsiri Gunewardena recorded it first time in Sri Lanka in March 1999 near Pugoda (Warakagoda, D., 2000). Second sight record is also by Deepal Warakagoda in January 2000 at Bellanwila-Attidiya marsh (Senanayake, N., 2001).

5) Western Crowned Warbler (Phylloscopus typicalis)

First time recorded by Deepal Warakagoda and Paul Holt on February 2010 at Sigiriya (Warakagoda D. & Sirivardana U., 2011)

      6) Green-crowned Warbler [Golden-spectacled Warbler] (Seicercus burkii)

Sight record from Sigiriya in March 1993 by A.J. Vincent is the only record of occurrence of Green-crowned Warbler in Sri Lanka (Kotagama S. & Ratnavira G. 2010: 291)

     7) Grasshopper Warbler [Common Grasshopper Warbler] (Locustella naevia)

First sight record of Grasshopper warbler in Sri Lanka is from the Bellawila-Attidiya marsh in 4^th December 1993 by Jagath Gunawardana (Hoffmann, T. W., 1994).  It was recorded again on 15^th Oct 1994 at the same location by Deepal Warakagoda (Hoffmann, T. W., 1995)

     8) Small Whitethroat [Desert Whitethroat] (Sylvia  minula)

Probable sight of the Desert lesser Whitethroat (Sylvia curruca minula) in the year 1996 is noted in the reviews of Ceylon bird club notes for 1996 (Hoffmann, T. W., 1997).  It was reported from Embilikala in November 1996 by Deepal Warakagoda (Kaluthota C.D. & Kotagama S.W. 2009 Quoting Warakagoda D., 2000a)

References:

Hoffmann, T. W., 1997. Ceylon Bird Club Notes 1996. Loris, 21(3), 112-113.

Hoffmann, T. W., 1995. Ceylon Bird Club Notes 1994. Loris, 20(5), 226-227.

Hoffmann, T. W., 1994. Ceylon Bird Club Notes, 1993. Loris, 20(3), 107-109.

Hoffmann, T. W., 1993. Notes from the Ceylon Bird Club, 1992. Loris, 20(1), 12-14.
Kaluthota C.D. & Kotagama S.W. 2009. Revised Avifaunal List of Sri Lanka, Occasional Paper No.02, October 2009, Field Ornithology Group of Sri Lanka (Downloaded from http://www.fogsl.net/Prod/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/Checklist-ver-7.pdf)
Kotagama, S., Ratnavira, G. 2010. An illustrated Guide to the Birds of Sri Lanka. Field Ornithology Group of Sri Lanka, Colombo.
Legge V., 1880. A History of the birds of Ceylon  1983 second edition.
Phillips W.W.A., 1978. Annotated checklist of the Birds of Ceylon (Sri Lanka) 1978 revised edition.
Ranasinghe, D. B., 1997. Gaps on Field data for Sri Lankan Birds. Loris, 21(4), 170-172.
Senanayake, N.. 2001. Report from the Ceylon Bird Club for 2000. Loris, 22(5), 43-44
Wait W.E., 1931. Manual of the Birds of Ceylon. 2nd edition. Colombo Museum.

Warakagoda D., 2000. Report from the Ceylon Bird Club for 1999. Loris, 22(4), 23-25.

Warakagoda D., 2000a First record of Desert Whitethroat Sylvia (curruca) minula in Sri Lanka, CBCN Aug:134-137

Warakagoda, D., 1992. The Lanceolated Warbler (Locustella lanceolata): A new Species for Sri Lanka With two other rare warblers. Loris, 19(5), 166-168.

Warakagoda D. & Sirivardana U., 2011. Report from the Ceylon Bird Club for 2008-2011, Loris 26 (1&2)
Wijesinghe, D. P., 1983. Notes on some Rare Sri Lanka Birds -1. Loris, 16(4), 205-208.

Large-billed Leaf Warbler (Phylloscopus magnirostris)

Common migrant to forests and well wooded gardens of both wet and dry zone from lowlands to higher hills.  It feeds in canopy usually as solitary birds or as scattered individuals in the same area. Large-billed Warbler breeds in the Himalayas.

බට්ටිච්චා[Battichcha]/Common Tailorbird (Orthotomus sutorius)

Very common breeding resident found in wooded areas and home gardens both in villages and towns in al climatic zones of the island. It keeps in pairs and actively feeds on small insects, spiders etc. among foliage of trees and bushes, usually uttering its loud and rather monotonous call to keep in touch with its partner. It breeds probably throughout the year but the main season appears to be February to March. Common Tailorbird builds its nest in a cavity formed by sewing together either the sides of a large single leave or of two or more smaller leaves, where it lays 2-3 eggs. 

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