A recent acceleration of researches on Amphibian of Sri Lanka, especially during past decade has resulted of describing several new species and there are several more to be described. It is believe that total number of species would be around 140 with the conclusion of on going taxonomic researches ( Meegaskumbura et al. 2002 ). As at now 120 amphibian species are known from Sri Lanka and 107 of them are endemic. But 20 out of them (all endemic) are considered as extinct since recent surveys conducted on amphibians have not come across living specimens of those species from the island ). So that total number of extant and described species is stand as 100 (87 of them are endemic) as at June 2019.
Scientific
name
|
NCS
|
||
Family:
Bufonidae
|
|||
1
|
Adenomus
kandianus
|
CR
|
|
2
|
VU
|
||
3
|
Duttaphrynus
kotagamai
|
EN
|
|
4
|
LC
|
||
5
|
Duttaphrynus
noellerti
|
EN
|
|
6
|
Duttaphrynus
scaber
|
VU
|
|
Family:
Dicroglossidae
|
|||
7
|
LC
|
||
8
|
LC
|
||
9
|
LC
|
||
10
|
Hoplobatrachus
tigerinus
|
DD
|
|
11
|
Minervarya
greenii
|
EN
|
|
12
|
VU
|
||
13
|
LC
|
||
14
|
EN
|
||
15
|
Nannophrys
guentheri
|
EX
|
|
16
|
Nannophrys
marmorata
|
CR
|
|
17
|
Nannophrys
naeyakai
|
CR
|
|
18
|
Sphaerotheca
breviceps
|
LC
|
|
19
|
Sphaerotheca
rolandae
|
LC
|
|
Family:
Microhylidae
|
|||
20
|
Microhyla
karunaratnei
|
EN
|
|
21
|
Microhyla
mihintalei
|
||
22
|
LC
|
||
23
|
CR
|
||
24
|
Uperodon
nagaoi
|
EN
|
|
25
|
Uperodon
obscurus
|
VU
|
|
26
|
Uperodon
palmatus
|
CR
|
|
27
|
Uperodon
rohani
|
LC
|
|
28
|
Uperodon
systoma
|
LC
|
|
29
|
LC
|
||
Family:
Nyctibatrachidae
|
|||
30
|
Lankanectes
corrugatus
|
VU
|
|
31
|
|||
Family:
Ranidae
|
|||
32
|
LC
|
||
33
|
|||
34
|
NT
|
||
Family:
Rhacophoridae
|
|||
35
|
LC
|
||
36
|
LC
|
||
37
|
Polypedates
ranwellai
|
CR
|
|
38
|
Pseudophilautus
abundus
|
EN
|
|
39
|
Pseudophilautus
adspersus
|
EX
|
|
40
|
EN
|
||
41
|
Pseudophilautus
asankai
|
CR
|
|
42
|
Pseudophilautus
auratus
|
EN
|
|
43
|
Pseudophilautus
bambaradeniyai
|
||
44
|
Pseudophilautus
caeruleus
|
CR
|
|
45
|
EN
|
||
46
|
Pseudophilautus
conniffae
|
NT
|
|
47
|
EN
|
||
48
|
Pseudophilautus
dayawansai
|
||
49
|
Pseudophilautus
decoris
|
CR
|
|
50
|
Pseudophilautus
dilmah
|
||
51
|
Pseudophilautus
dimbullae
|
EX
|
|
52
|
Pseudophilautus
eximius
|
EX
|
|
53
|
Pseudophilautus
extirpo
|
EX
|
|
54
|
Pseudophilautus
femoralis
|
CR
|
|
55
|
VU
|
||
56
|
Pseudophilautus
folicola
|
VU
|
|
57
|
CR
|
||
58
|
CR
|
||
59
|
Pseudophilautus
hallidayi
|
EN
|
|
60
|
Pseudophilautus
halyi
|
EX
|
|
61
|
Pseudophilautus
hankeni
|
CR
|
|
62
|
Pseudophilautus
hoffmanni
|
CR
|
|
63
|
Pseudophilautus
hoipolloi
|
EN
|
|
64
|
Pseudophilautus
hypomelas
|
EX
|
|
65
|
Pseudophilautus
jagathgunawardanai
|
||
66
|
Pseudophilautus
karunarathnai
|
||
67
|
Pseudophilautus
leucorhinus
|
EX
|
|
68
|
Pseudophilautus
limbus
|
CR
|
|
69
|
Pseudophilautus
lunatus
|
CR
|
|
70
|
CR
|
||
71
|
Pseudophilautus
maia
|
EX
|
|
72
|
Pseudophilautus
malcolmsmithi
|
EX
|
|
73
|
CR
|
||
74
|
Pseudophilautus
mittermeieri
|
CR
|
|
75
|
Pseudophilautus
mooreorum
|
CR
|
|
76
|
Pseudophilautus
nanus
|
EX
|
|
77
|
Pseudophilautus
nasutus
|
EX
|
|
78
|
Pseudophilautus
nemus
|
CR
|
|
79
|
Pseudophilautus
newtonjayawardanei
|
||
80
|
Pseudophilautus
ocularis
|
CR
|
|
81
|
Pseudophilautus
oxyrhynchus
|
EX
|
|
82
|
Pseudophilautus
papillosus
|
CR
|
|
83
|
Pseudophilautus
pardus
|
EX
|
|
84
|
Pseudophilautus
pleurotaenia
|
CR
|
|
85
|
Pseudophilautus
poppiae
|
CR
|
|
86
|
NT
|
||
87
|
Pseudophilautus
procax
|
CR
|
|
88
|
Pseudophilautus
puranappu
|
||
89
|
Pseudophilautus
regius
|
VU
|
|
90
|
Pseudophilautus
reticulatus
|
EN
|
|
91
|
Pseudophilautus
rugatus
|
EX
|
|
92
|
CR
|
||
93
|
Pseudophilautus
samarakoon
|
||
94
|
EN
|
||
95
|
Pseudophilautus
schmarda
|
CR
|
|
96
|
Pseudophilautus
schneideri
|
EN
|
|
97
|
Pseudophilautus
semiruber
|
DD
|
|
98
|
EN
|
||
99
|
Pseudophilautus
silvaticus
|
EN
|
|
100
|
Pseudophilautus
simba
|
CR
|
|
101
|
Pseudophilautus
singu
|
EN
|
|
102
|
Pseudophilautus
sirilwijesundarai
|
||
103
|
Pseudophilautus
sordidus
|
VU
|
|
104
|
Pseudophilautus
steineri
|
CR
|
|
105
|
Pseudophilautus
stellatus
|
EX
|
|
106
|
Pseudophilautus
stictomerus
|
EN
|
|
107
|
Pseudophilautus
stuarti
|
CR
|
|
108
|
Pseudophilautus
tanu
|
EN
|
|
109
|
Pseudophilautus
temporalis
|
EX
|
|
110
|
Pseudophilautus
variabilis
|
EX
|
|
111
|
EN
|
||
112
|
Pseudophilautus
zal
|
EX
|
|
113
|
Pseudophilautus
zimmeri
|
EX
|
|
114
|
Pseudophilautus
zorro
|
CR
|
|
115
|
EN
|
||
116
|
Taruga
fastigo
|
CR
|
|
117
|
Taruga
longinasus
|
EN
|
|
Family:
Ichthyophiidae
|
|||
118
|
Ichthyophis
glutinosus
|
VU
|
|
119
|
Ichthyophis
orthoplicatus
|
EN
|
|
120
|
Ichthyophis pseudangularis
|
EN
|
|
| CR | Critically Endangered | ||
| VU | Vulnerable | ||
| LC | Least Concern | ||
| EN | Endangered | ||
| EX | Extinct | ||
| NT | Near Threatened | ||
Meegaskumbura, M., F. Bossuyt, R. Pethiyagoda, K. Manamendra-Arachchi, M. Bahir, M.C. Milinkovitch & C.J. Schneider, 2002. Sri Lanka: an amphibian hotspot. Science, 298:379.
Fernando, S. S., L.J.M Wickramasingha & R.K. Rodirigo. 2007. A new species of endemic frog belonnging to genus Nannophrys Gunther, 1869 (Anura: Dicroglossinae ) From Sri Lanka. Zootaxa 1403:55-68
Manamendra-Arachchi, K. & Pethiyagoda, R. (1998) A synopsis of the Sri Lankan Bufonidae (Amphibia: Anura) with description of new species. Journal of South Asian Natural History, 3, 213–248
Manamendra-Arachchi, K.; Pethiyagoda, R. 2005: The Sri Lankan shrub frogs of the genus Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Ranidae: Rhacophorinae), with description of 27 new species. Raffles bulletin of zoology, supplement 12: 163–303.
Meegaskumbura, M. & K. Manamendra-Arachchi (2005). Descriptions of eight new species of shrub frogs (Ranidae: Rhacophorinae: Philautus) from Sri Lanka. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 12: 305–338.
Meegaskumbura M., K. Manamendra-Arachch, C.J. Schneider & R. Pethiyagoda. 2007. New species amongst Sri Lanka's extinct shrub frogs (Amphibia : Rhacophoridae: Philautus ). Zootaxa 1397:1-15
Meegaskumbura M., K. Manamendra-Arachchi & R. Pethiyagoda 2009. Two new species of shrub frogs (Rhacophoridae: Philautus) from the lowlands of Sri Lanka. Zootaxa, 2122: 51-68
Meegaskumbura M., K. Manamendra-Arachchi 2011. Two new species of shrub frogs (Rhacophoridae: Pseudophilautus) from Sri Lanka Zootaxa, 2747: 1–18
Meegaskumbura M., K. Manamendra-Arachchi 2011. Two new species of shrub frogs (Rhacophoridae: Pseudophilautus) from Sri Lanka Zootaxa, 2747: 1–18
Madhava Meegaskumbura, Suyama Meegaskumbura, Gayan Bowatte, Kelum Manamendra-Arachchi, Rohan Pethiyagoda, James Hanken & Christopher J. Schneider 2010. Taruga (Anura: Hacophoridae), A New Genus of foam-nesting tree frogs endemic to Sri Lanka. Cey. J. Sci. (Bio. Sci.) 39 (2): 75-94.
Wickramasinghe M.L. J., Vidanapathirana D.R. & Wickramasinghe N., 2012. Back from the dead: The world’s rarest toad Adenomus kandianus rediscovered in Sri Lanka Zootaxa, 3347: 63–68
de Silva, Anslem. 2009. Amphibians of Sri Lanka: A Photographic Guide to common frogs Toads and caecilians. Published by the author.
Manamendra-Arachchi, K. & R. Pethiyagoda. 2006. Sri Lankawe ubayajeewin (Texi in Sinhala) .WHT publication 9pvt) Ltd. Colombo.
Manamendra-Arachchi K. & Meegaskumbura M. 2012. The Taxonomy and Conservation Status of Amphibians in Sri Lanka In: The National Red List 2012 of Sri Lanka; Conservation Status of the Fauna and Flora. Weerakoon, D.K. & S. Wijesundara Eds., Ministry of Environment, Colombo, Sri Lanka. 88-99 pp
Meegaskumbura M., Manamendra-Arachchi K., Bowatte G. & Meegaskumbura S. 2012 Rediscovery of Pseudophilautus semiruber, a diminutive shrub frog (Rhacophoridae: Pseudophilautus) from Sri Lanka Zootaxa 3229: 58–68pp.
IUCN Sri Lanka & the Ministry of Environmental and Natural Resources. 2007. The 2007 Red List of Threatened Fauna and Flora of Sri Lanka. Colombo.
Wickramasinghe, L. J. M., Munindradasa, D. A. I. & Fernando, P., (2012). A new species of Polypedates Tschudi (Amphibia, Anura, Rhacophoridae) from Sri Lanka. Zootaxa, 3498, pp.63–80.
Wickramasinghe, L.J.M., D.R. Vidanapathirana, M.D.G. Rajeev, S.C. Ariyarathne, A.W.A. Chanaka, L.L.D. Priyantha, I.N. Bandara & N. Wickramasinghe (2013). Eight new species of Pseudophilautus (Amphibia, Anura, Rhacophoridae) from Sripada World Heritage Site (Peak Wilderness), a local amphibian hotspot in Sri Lanka. Journal of Threatened Taxa 5(4): 3789–3920; doi:10.11609/JoTT.o3099.3789-920
Senevirathne G, Samarawickrama VAMPK, Wijayathilaka N, Manamendra-Arachchi K, Bowatte G, Samarawickrama DRNS, and Meegaskumbura M. 2018. A new frog species from rapidly dwindling cloud forest streams of Sri Lanka—Lankanectes pera (Anura, Nyctibatrachidae). Zootaxa. 4461: 519–538.
Jayawardena, B., Senevirathne, G., Wijayathilaka, N., Ukuwela, K., Manamendra-Arachchi, K., Megaskumbura, M., 2017 Species boundaries,biogeography and evolutionarily significant units in dwarf toads: Duttaphrynus scaber and D. atukoralei (Bufonidae: Adenominae). Ceylon Journal of Science, 46: 79-87.
Meegaskumbura, M., Senevirathne, G., Wijayathilaka, N., Jayawardena, B., Bandara, C., Manamendra- Arachchi, K. and Pethiyagoda, P., 2015 Sri Lankan torrent toads (Bufonidae: Adenominae: Adenomus) species boundaries assessed using multiple criteria Zootaxa, 3911: 245-261.
Gabadage, D.E., de Silva, A., Botejue, W.M.S., Bahir, M.M., Surasinghe, T.D., Madawala, M.B., Amarasinghe, A.A.T., Karunarathna, D.M.S.S., 2014 On the discovery of second living population of Adenomus kandianus (Günther, 1872) from Sri Lanka: with the bioecology, and detailed redescription to the species. Herpetotropicos,10: 37-49.
Karunarathna, .S., Henkanaththegedara, S., Gabadage, D., Botejue, M., Madawala, M., Surasinghe, T.D., 2016 Ecology and demography of the Critically Endangered Kandian torrent toad Adenomus kandianus: a long-lost endemic species of Sri Lanka. Oryx, 52: 619-626.
Meegaskumbura, Madhava & Wijayathilaka, Nayana & Abayalath, Nirodha & Senevirathne, Gayani. (2015). Realities of rarity: climatically and ecologically restricted, critically endangered Kandian Torrent Toads (Adenomus kandianus) breed en masse. PeerJ preprints. 10.7287/peerj.preprints.1575v1.
GARG, SONALI & Senevirathne, Gayani & Wijayathilaka, Nayana & Phuge, Samadhan & DEUTI, KAUSHIK & Manameendraarchchi, Kelum & Meegaskumbura, Madhava & S D, Biju. (2018). An integrative taxonomic review of the South Asian microhylid genus Uperodon. Zootaxa. 4384. 1. 10.11646/zootaxa.4384.1.1.
S D, Biju & Garg, Sonali & Mahony, Stephen & Wijayathilaka, Nayana & Senevirathne, Gayani & Meegaskumbura, Madhava. (2014). DNA barcoding, phylogeny and systematics of Golden-backed frogs (Hylarana, Ranidae) of the Western Ghats-Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot, with the description of seven new species. Contributions to zoology Bijdragen tot de dierkunde. 83. 269-335.
https://sites.google.com/site/srilankaamphibians/
http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/index.php
Hi Bushana, I appreciate adding this very informative page to your blog very much.
ReplyDeleteThanks Amila!!
ReplyDeleteAs far as I am aware above checklist is up to date. I used all available sources for me to compile it and it will be updating time to time with latest findings. I may try to add similar pages for other fauna groups whenever I get time to attend on them.
This is a very good update since we left the ZOO dept in 2002. Thank You.
ReplyDeleteHi Bushana, This is good work. I don't see any point on listing references, Literature cited and References; perhaps you can cite the rediscovered papers in the text and others are there with the species names, then you have to include the all other original species descriptions under references or literature cited.
ReplyDelete