Strobilanthes schomburgkii

Commonly cultivated in hedges in moist lowlands and hills. Occasionally escaped and naturalized*.
*Not in the Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon (J & J Vlas , 2014)

Pseuderanthemum latifolium

An indigenous shrub occurs  under shade of trees in the dry zone secondary semi-evergreen forests. flowering from January to October.

Andrographis alata

An indigenous herb common in under shade of shrubs or trees and along borders of rocks in dry zone shrub jungles. Flowering from March to August.

සමාදාන[Samadana]/Creeping blepharis (Blepharis maderaspatensis)

Common native trailing herb occurs among grass, usually in partially shaded places along roads, foot paths and jungle borders. Flowering from February to May and again from August to September.

ඉකිලි/කටු ඉකිලි[Ikili/Katu Ikili]/Sea Holly (Acanthus ilicifolius)

Large indigenous perennial herb. Common along banks of estuaries and lagoons. Also occurs in marshy lands close to the sea shore. 

Asystasia chelonoides

An indigenous herb or small shrub common under shade of forests of the wet hill country, often close to streams. Flowering from January to June and August to October. 

Common Forest Thunbergia/Sweet Clock Vine (Thunbergia fragrans)

An indigenous slender twiner occurs along forest edges from lowlands to higher hills. Flowering throughout the year. 

Green shrimp plant (Ecbolium ligustrinum)

Common native shrubby herb occurs under shade in dry and intermediate zone forests, mainly in the lowlands and occasionally up to about 500 elevations in the mid hills. Flowering throughout the year.

අනිත්ත[Aniththa] (Rhinacanthus polonnaruwensis)

An endemic perennial herb rather common under shade of trees or shrubs close to water courses in secondary semi-evergreen forests of the dry lowlands. Flowering from May to September. Leaves and roots used in medicine.

Shrimp Flower (Justicia brandegeeana)

Native shrub of Mexico. Introduced and cultivated in gardens as an ornamental.

Sanchezia spp.

An introduced Sanchezia species cultivated in gardens, native to the tropical South America. It could be S. parvibrateata, S. speciosa or S. nobilis*

* Illustrated field guide to the flowers of Sri Lanka, Vol 1, J. & J. de Vlas, 2008.

නෙළු[Nelu] (Strobilanthes vestita)

An endemic under shrub occurs in secondary hill forests from 900 to 2000 m a.s.l, usually near streams.  

කටු කරඬු[Katu Karadu]/Yellow Hedge Barleria (Barleria prionitis)

Common indigenous prickly shrub in open waste places and scrub lands in the dry zone. Sometimes also cultivated as a hedge plant. in village dwellings. Flowering from March to August. Whole plant, especially its roots medicinal.

Brazilian Red Cloak (Megaskepasma erythrochlamys)

An introduced ornamental shrub native to Venezuela.  Cultivated in gardens.

Cardinals guard (Pachystachys coccinea)

Native shrub of French Guinea, Brazil, and Peru. Introduced and cultivated in gardens. 

Barleria courtallica (Barleria nutans)

Very rare shrubby herb considered as a Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct) plant under 2012 Red list. It has only been reported from two mid- hill localities in Kandy district (Hantana & Alagalla)  till recent discovery of it from two wet lowland forest patches (Jayasinghe H.D., 2015). 

නෙළු[Nelu] (Strobilanthes adenophora)

Rather rare endemic under shrub in southwest wet lowland forests, often by streams from 50 m to 200 m altitudes. 

මයානි[Mayani]/Common small justicia (Rostellularia procumbens [Syn: Justicia procumbens])

Common indigenous herb grows in light shade among grass along roadsides, waste lands, scrub lands, etc. from sea level to about 1800 m a.s.l. of the low country to mid hill drier areas. Flowering throughout the year. 

සුළු නයි[Sulu-Nayi]/Creeping rungia (Rungia repens)

Common native creeping herb grows among short grass or bare sandy soil in waste grounds and paddy field borders in the dry lowlands. Flowering from September to March.

නෙළු[Nelu](Strobilanthes zeylanica)

Very rare critically endangered endemic under-shrub grows in moist low country forests up to about 600 m  a.s.l.