බිනර/ගිණිහිරිය[Binara/Ginihiriya] (Exacum trinervium ritigalensis)

 

An endemic herb grows on gravelly soil of rocky places and of patanas in the dry intermediate zone towards the central hills and in the dry up country. Much common in the western sector of the Uva province and isolated pockets in the North western and Central provinces from about 400 to 1200 m elevations. Flowering throughout the year.

Lepidagathis ceylanica

Rathe rare endemic herb of moist mid country. Flowering from March to July and November. It was considered as a Critically endangered (Possibly extinct) species in the 2012 National Red List.

Coffea wightiana [Syn: Psilanthus wightianus]

 

An indigenous  deciduous shrub of dry zone scrub lands.

Lepidagathis walkeriana

 An endemic shrubby herb grows under shade in busy localities in sub montane and moist mid country. Often grows on embankments bordering disturbed submontane forests. Rather common and flowering from March to November. 

Eulophia epidendraea

 

Large native terrestrial herb, rather rare in the shade, on decaying leaves and soil on rocks in the intermediate and dry zones. 

Curcuma oligantha

 

An indigenous herb of the dry zone. Flowers produced before, or with developing leaves from the base of a new leaf shoot. One flower opening at a time.

දුණුමඩල/ලුනුමඩල/ලුනුමිදෙල්ල [Dunumadala/Lunumadala/Lunumidella] (Stereospermum colais [Syn: Stereospermum tetragonum,S tereospermum personatum])

 An indigenous large tree with spreading branches, grows in both wet and dry zones up to about 650 m elevations.  Flowering from May to August.  

තැඹිලිය [Tembiliya](Eugenia roxburghii [Syn: Eugenia bracteata])

 

An indigenous shrub or small tree of forests and scrub lands in the dry and intermediate zones especially near the coast. Often abundant in the secondary vegetation including fire-climax savanna. Occasionally also occurs in the coastal areas of the wet zone. 

බූ මෑ/මුං/උළුඳු/[Bu Me/Mun/Ulundu]Black gram (Vigna mungo)

 

An introduced sub-erect or twining herb with uncertain origin . Cultivated since long. Naturalized in the moister areas than Vigna radiata to that this species is closely related. Some authors even considered V. mungo as a variety of V. radiata.

Coleus barbatus var. grandis [Syn: Plectranthus barbatus var. grandis/Plectranthus grandis/Coleus grandis]

 

An introduced shrub with country of origin unknown. Also found in tropical East Africa. Widely cultivated as a hedge plant in the upper midlands and higher hills from 1100 to 2100 m elevations. Occasionally found as an escape by watercourses close to habitations but never been known in the wild. However nothing is known about its having been introduced into the country. Flowering from September to February. 

Himalayan Elder (Sambucus javanica subsp. chinensis [Syn: Sambucus hookeri])

 An introduced shrub native to China, Philippines and Malaysia. Often planted along tea plantations and near houses in the hill country. 

Yellow Ginger Lily (Hedychium flavescens)

                       

 A large herb common by streams in moist areas up to 1800 m elevations. Native to Northeast India. Introduced or perhaps native to Sri Lanka as well. Much cultivated as an ornamental. 

Parasopubia delphiniifolia [Syn: Sopubia delphiniifolia]

 An indigenous annual herb of open grassy places in the dry zone and the wet hill country from 500 to 1500 m elevations. Flowering from December to February and August to September.

බලයා/වල් සිරිතේක්කු[Balaya/Wal Siritekku]Indian Glorybower/Turk's Turban/Tube Flower (Clerodendrum indicum)

An introduced (Native?) common herb native to South and East Asia. Cultivated, escaped and naturalized along roadsides in the low country.

පිනුම් කටුස්සා (Otocryptis weigmanni)

පිනුම් කටුස්සා මුහුදු මට්ටමේ සිට මීටර 1300 පමණ උසක් දක්වා තෙත් කලාපයේ වනාන්තර ප්‍රදේශ වල පමණක් භෞමිකව හමුවන මෙරටට ආවේණික උරගයෙකි. වනාන්තර දිය පාරවල් අසබඩ කොළ රොඩු මත බහුලව හමුවේ. එහෙත් එවැනි පරිසර වල ගල් මත මෙන්ම ඇතැම් අවස්ථා වලදී ගස් කඳන් මතත් දැකිය හැක.  කලබල වූ විට ඇතැම්විට පිටුපස කකුල් දෙකින් දුවන බැවින් Kangaroo Lizard යන ඉංග්‍රිසි නම මෙම කටුස්සා හැඳින්වීමට භාවිතා වේ. පිනුම් කටුස්සා සඳහා මෙරට ජන ව්‍යවහාරයේ යෙදෙන කලා කටුස්සා, යක් කටුස්සා, පිනුම් කටුස්සා සහ තැලි කටුස්සා වැනි නම් කිහිපයක්ම P.E.P. දැරණියගල මහතා ඉදිරිපත් කර ඇත. කුහුඹුවන්, සලබයන්, තණකොලපෙත්තන් සහ කුරුමිණියන් වැනි කෘමි සතුන් පිනුම් කටුස්සා ප්‍රධාන වශයෙන් ගොදුරු කර ගනී. එසේම මකුළුවන්, කුඩා හූනන් සහ ඇතැම් අවස්ථා වලදී ලපටි දලු රිකිලි වැනි ශාකමය ආහාරද පිනුම් කටුස්සා ආහාරයට ගන්නා බව නිරීක්ෂණය කර ඇත. පිරිමි සතුන් ඔවුන්ටම සීමා වූ ගොදුරු භූමි වෙන් කර ගන්නා අතර වෙනත් පිරිමි සතෙකු සිය ප්‍රදේශය ආක්‍රමණය කල විටදි බෙල්ල ප්‍රදේශයේ තිබෙන තැල්ල විහිදාගෙන ආක්‍රමණිකයා සමග සටන් කරණු දැකිය හැක.
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Rare Ace (Halpe egena)

Rare Ace is a rare and endemic butterfly. Its recent records are only from the higher elevations at Knuckles range and Peak Wilderness Sanctuary. However historical records available from Kalupahana, Ratnapura and Haldummulla-Horton Plains road (Ormiston W., 1924). Rare Ace is more or less similar to Ceylon Ace and some authors believes that both are one and same species while Ceylon Ace found at lower elevations and Rare Ace is restricted to the higher hills or that they are seasonal forms. The only consistent difference of both is the ground color and the ground color of Ceylon Ace is dark brown while Rare Ace is dark purplish brown. The immature stages of both species are also quite similar. Its larva feeds on leaves of Davidsea attenuata.

Phyllanthus racemosus [Syn: Phyllanthus polyphyllus]

Very common native shrub occurs along roadsides, rivers and disturbed vegetation up to about 1000 m elevations.

කැන්ද/පත් කැන්ද[Kenda/Pat kenda] (Macaranga peltata)

An indigenous small tree of secondary forests and roadsides up to 750 m elevations.

Litsea walkeri

An endemic small compact tree of montane forests mainly grows around the Peak wilderness Sanctuary.

Glochidion coriaceum [Syn: Phyllanthus coriaceus]

An endemic shrub or small tree of primary and secondary montane forests from medium to higher altitudes up to about 1500 m a.s.l.