පතන බෝ/කවුඩු බෝ/කපුටු බෝ[Patana bo/Kaudu bo/Kaputu bo] (Ficus arnottiana)

An indigenous small banyan or independent tree without aerial roots, occurs in dry zone open forests, on grassy hillsides and rocky places below 1000 m a.s.l. 

රන්වන් කටු කරඩු[Ranwan Katukarandu] (Barleria lupulina)

An introduced small shrub native to the Mauritius. Cultivated as a hedge plant in home gardens. 

Setaria barbata

An indigenous grass species with uncertain origin but surely native to the Old World. Common in weedy grassy areas with at least partial shade and in lawns and flower beds from 500 to 800 m elevations (As per Flora of Ceylon Vol 8. But it is now spread to much lower elevations)

වල් නිවිති[Wal Nivithi] (Cissus vitiginea)

Common native liana climbing in trees and shrubs of the dry lowlands. Flowering recorded from all months excepts May. 

වල් වරකා[Wal Waraka](Casearia zeylanica[Syn: Casearia esculenta])

Common native shrub or tree found in dry zone forests, open scrub lands, sand dunes, secondary sub montane forests, coconut plantations, mangrove swamp margins and gallery forests along sandy river banks from sea level to 1500m elevations. Fruits edible. 

Petiveria alliacea

An introduced small shrub native to the tropical America. Escaped and naturalized along forest edges and hedges as well as the waste grounds around the Kandy (and probably Mathale) . 

බණ්ඩක්කා [Bandakka]/Lady's fingers/Okra(Abelmoschus esculentus)

An introduced annual herb probably native to the Ethiopia. Widely cultivated in gardens and plantations for its edible fruits. 

ඇටෝර/ඇටවරා[Etora/Etawara](Panicum repens)

An indigenous weedy perennial grass species common along roadsides, edges of marshes, ditches, paddy fields and  tanks from sea level up to about 2000 m a.s.l.

මුං/මුං ඇට/බූ මෑ[Mun/Mun eta/Bu me]/Green gram/Jerusalem pea/Mung bean/(Vigna radiata)

An erect or climbing herb. Cultivated crop of ancient uncertain origin. Also naturalized in the dry areas. Pods eaten raw or cooked. Whole or split seeds used in soup and other preparations. 

Cyanotis thwaitesii

An indigenous perennial herb grows on rocky hills and slopes, inselbergs, rock outcrops, shallow soil in rocky grasslands, edge of rock pools, large boulders, rock crevices and rocky banks with seepage; usually in full sun and occasionally in shade from 200 (75) to 1600 m a.s.l. Flowering in August, October to January and March. 

Crotalaria scabrella

An indigenous erect or procurement herb grows on patanas and sometime in roadside open places in the montane zone. 

Cyperus paniceus

Common native perennial grows along roadsides and open areas from lowlands to hills in both dry and wet zones.  

හණ[Hana]/Hemp/Sunn hemp(Crotalaria juncea)

An introduced annual herb native to the India. Widely cultivated as a cover crop and for fiber. Escaped and naturalized along roads. It was considered as a Data Deficient plant in the 2010 Red List. Old specimens available from Matale, Badulla, Nilgala, Between Habarana & Kanthale, Kalawewa, Kurunegala and from Kegalle district without having exact locations (Flora of Ceylon Vol 7). Recently few plants were observed from a Savannah habitat at Rahathangala ( Jayasinghe H.D., 2015), This record is from a roadside location of newly constructed Kongahawela - Elehara road (B312) near Moragahakanda reservoir . 

Osyris lanceolata [Syn: Osyris wightiana]

An indigenous shrub or small tree locally abundant in lower dry mountain areas  up to about 1500 m a.s.l.
Flower size - 3 mm across

ගොරැඳිය/අඬන හිරියා/ [Gorandiya/Andanahiriya]Rattle pod (Crotalaria calycina)

An indigenous herb or small shrub common in the patans of the hill country. 

ගවර[Gawara] (Chrysopogon nodulibarbis)

A native perennial tussock grass common in patana grasslands from 900 to 2300 m elevations. 

Vogel's tephrosia (Tephrosia vogelii)

An introduced large woody herb native to the Africa. Planted for shade in tea plantations and as an ornamental. 

Crotalaria albida

Common native perennial herb occurs in the hill country 

බොර[Bora](Ligustrum robustum)

An indigenous shrub or small tree in secondary montane forests of wet and intermediate low montane regions from 450 to 2000 m a.s.l. Often found near streams. 

අලු පිල[Alu pila] (Tephrosia tinctoria)

An indigenous shrubby perennial found along roadsides among bushes in the wet zone, intermediate zone and the hill country up to 1400 m a.s.l.

වල් එඬරු [Wal Endaru] (Bupleurum ramosissimum [Syn: Bupleurum mucronatum])

Rather common indigenous herb found in rocky open places and patanas between 650-2300 m elevations from Belihuloya to Nuwaraeliya and Horton Plains, .Flowering from December to August (Probably throughout the year)

Flower size - About 2 mm across

Indigofera spicata

 Common introduced herb occurs mainly in the hill country road sides and weedy places. Sometime introduced in pastures.

Panicum brevifolium

Common native creeping annual grows in shade along forest edges, embankments, river banks, and in secondary vegetation from sea level to 1300 a.s.l. 

Urochloa setigera

Common native trailing perennial from lowlands to mid elevations. 

Ichnanthus pallens

An indigenous perennial occurs in the wet montane zone in elevations of about 1000 m. Typical forest grass grows in damp shady places or clearings and similar open habitats.

ගුරු කීන[Guru Kina] (Calophyllum calaba)

An indigenous tree common in the coastal parts of the dry zone, talawas of the dry and intermediate zone and rarely in the wet zone forests. Sometimes planted for its edible fruits. Flowering from January to June and fruiting from January to September. 

ඊ තණ[Itana] (Heteropogon contortus)

Common indigenous grass species occurs in open grasslands and weedy places from sea level to about 1200 m elevations. 

කිරිඳි[Kirindi] (Coix lacryma-jobi)

An indigenous grass species grows on paddy fields and other wet or marshy situations. 

Pseudechinolaena polystachya

Rather rare native grass species which was considered as a Data Deficient one in the 2010 Red List. It grows usually in shade of forest trees from 300 to 600 m elevations. So far reported from Kandy, Peradeniya, Gannoruwa and Ambagamuwa of  Kandy district and Elkaduwa of  the Mathale district. This record is from the Reveston area of the Mathale district. 

Syzygium spathulatum

An endemic small tree common in primary and secondary forests and degraded grasslands from 700-1500 m elevations in the hills bordering the drier eastern margins of the wet and intermediate zones. Fruit edible. 

Coelachne simpliciuscula

Rather uncommon native grass species grows on moist or wet soil along lakes, streams, seeps and springs from somewhat lower elevations to higher hills. 

බූ කැන්ද[Bu Kenda] (Mallotus tetracoccus)

Very common native tree occurs in forests and secondary woodlands up to 1100 m a.s.l.

Cyperus cyperinus

Common native perennial occurs in open grassy places of the hill country.  

Eriocaulon thwaitesii

An indigenous slender tufted annual herb grows on wet patches on rock pavement, often among moss and on marshy ground from 800 to 2200 m a.s.l. Flowering from September to January.

Flower size - 4-5 mm across
Leaves - 3.5-9 cm long, 2-6 mm wide.

Phaulopsis dorsiflora [Syn: Phaulopsis imbricata]

Common native herb with straggling hairy stems, grows close to the streams of dry and moist lowland secondary forest undergrowth. Flowering from December to May.

Flower Size - 0.3-0.4 cm across

මුඩමහණ/ඇත් මහ මහණ[Muda mahana/Eth Maha Mahana]/East Indian Globe Thistle/(Sphaeranthus indicus)

Common native annual herb in moist soil and margins of paddy fields. Flowering from September to March. Whole plant medicinal.

Black-eyed Susan (Thunbergia alata)

An introduced climber native to tropical East Africa. Cultivated as an ornamental. An escape from Botanic Gardens and naturalized along roadside embankments, tea plantations etc. Common in moist areas and hill country up to about 1500 m a.s.l. Flowering from August to February.

බා‍‍‍ලොලියා [Baloliya](Tadehagi triquetrum)

Common native erect herb or shrub occurs in moist low country patans up to 1000 m a.s.l. 

Calanthe masuca

Rather common native terrestrial herb grows under the shade of trees in sub montane and montane zones. 

ඇඹිල්ල[Ambilla]/Indian Mulberry (Morus alba)

An introduced small to medium size tree native to the China. Cultivated in home gardens and may be escaped too. Leaves can be used to feed silk worms.

ජීවන්ති [Jeewanthi] (Leptadenia reticulata)

Common native shrub or twiner grows in deciduous scrub and forest edges of the dry zone.  Flowering from July to October.