ගස් දුම්මැල්ල/කයිල/වැල් කයිල [Gas dummella/Kaila/Wel Kayila] (Phyllanthus reticulatus)

Common indigenous shrub or small tree occurs in secondary vegetation from sea level to 1000 m altitude. Bark, roots, stem, leaves and fruits are used in medicine.

ගොඩ කිරිල්ල[Goda Kirilla]/Indian Elm (Holoptelea integrifolia)

Native tree occurs in dry lowland forests. Flowering from March to April and fruiting from April to June. Wood heavy and strong. 

Asystasia intrusa

An introduced herb native to Malaysia. It occurs in lightly shaded locations, especially in the hill country, probably escaped from gardens. 

Erebus ephesperis [Nyctipao crepuscularis]

Expanse - 8-10 cm

Reference - The Lepidoptera of Ceylon - F. Moore, F.Z.S. Vol 3 Page 148.

External Links -  http://www.inaturalist.org/listed_taxa/3589369

Sonerila rhombifolia

Rather rare endemic erect herb occurs in Southwestern wet lowland forests. Sonerila rhombifolia grows sympatrically with the Sonerila silvatica.

කහ කෝන[Kaha-kona] (Senna spectabilis[Cassia spectabilis])

Native tree of the South America. Introduced and planted as an ornamental, mostly in the hill country near tea plantations. 

හීන් උඳුපියලිය[Heen-Undupiyaliya]/Creeping tick threefoil/Tick clover(Grona triflora [Syn: Desmodium triflorum])

An indigenous prostrate perennial herb very common on roadsides, open grounds, lawns,etc from lowlands to about 600 m elevations. Flowering from June to October.

Gomphandra tetrandra

Rather uncommon shrub or small tree occurs in primary and secondary wet evergreen forests from 75-1200 m a.s.l. Ripe berries are white.

මල් සේරා[Mal Sera]/Cotton Pygmy-Goose/Cotton Teal (Nettapus coramandelianus coramandelianus)

Rather uncommon breeding resident inhabiting low country tanks and large ponds covered with weeds and lotus like water plants. It is much common in the dry zone and where it lives as pairs or small to larger flocks. Wet zone records earlier only consist of migrants during the north-east monsoon period though there are recent observations of all the year round and also breeding. It feeds on vegetable stuffs, water insects and molluscs, etc.  Cotton Pygmy-Goose breeds from January to March and again in August. It build its nest in a cavity of a tree growing near tanks and lays 8-12 eggs. 

Scrambled-egg-tree (Senna surattensis [Cassia surattensis])

Native tree of the Southeast Asia. Introduced and cultivated as an ornamental. Roots and other parts medicinal. 

Actinoscirpus grossus [Schoenoplectus grossus]

Grass like native perennial weed grows in marshy places, both inland and near the coast.  Often occurs as large community. Culms used to make baskets and mats. 

කොබෝ-ලීල[Kobo-leela]/Dwarf white orchid-tree(Bauhinia acuminata )

An introduced shrub native to Southeast Asia. Cultivated as an ornamental in home gardens. Flowering most of the year.

ඇහැළ[Ehela]/Indian Laburnum/Shower of Gold (Cassia fistula)

An indigenous tree widely cultivated as an ornamental along roadsides and home gardens. Good timber tree and whole part of the tree used in traditional medicine.

White Orange Tip (Ixias marianne)

Common butterfly flies in the dry low country scrublands. Commoner in the northern part of the island especially in the Jaffna and Mannar districts though also occurs in the south and southeastern areas. Larval host plants are Capparis brevispina, Capparis grandis and Capparis sepiaria of the family Capparaceae .  

Afrohybanthus enneaspermus [Syn: Hybanthus enneaspermus]

Common indigenous herb grows among grass in open areas of the low country. Whole plant medicinal and shampoo made from the plant removes dandruff. Flowering throughout the year.

වල් ත්‍රස්තවාලු [Wal-Trasta-Walu](Hewittia malabarica [Syn: Hewittia sublobata])

Common indigenous vine occurs along roadsides, grasslands, scrub lands, forest edges, cultivation, waste lands, etc. from sea level to about 1000 m altitude in both wet and dry zones. Flowering from June to August. 

ගිනි-කැන්ද[Gini-kandha]/Bleeding-heart tree(Homalanthus populifolius)

Probably an introduced tree native to Australia & New Guinea* (Also in Malaysia and Pacific islands) though it was considered as a doubtfully native in Sri Lanka#. It occurs in both primary and secondary forests in the hill country from  1550 m to 2000 m elevations, usually in areas adjacent to tea estates.

* Illustrated field guide to the flowers of Sri Lanka J. & J. de Vlas
# Flora of Ceylon Vol 11 Dasanayaka M.D. & Clayton W.D.*

මහ ඇපල[Maha epala]/Tropical rose-mallow(Hibiscus vitifolius)

Common indigenous shrub occurs in open places, waste lands and forest edges in the dry lowlands below 150 m a.s.l. Flowering from August to September and March to April (Probably also in other months). 

Cyclothea disjuncta?

Location - Bamunukotuwa (Kurunagala district)
Reference - The Lepidoptera of Ceylon - F. Moore, F.Z.S. Vol 3 Page 429 as Thalera disjuncta.
Expanse - 3 cm
External Links -http://www.inaturalist.org/observations/1124359

හුලන් තලා [Hulan tala]/Goat weed/White weed (Ageratum conyzoides)

Native herb of tropical America. Very common invasive weed along roadsides, cultivated grounds and waste places throughout the island. Flowering throughout the year. Flowers white, blue or mauve.

Croton (Codiaeum variegatum)

Native plant of Indonesia, Malaysia and the western Pacific ocean islands. Introduced and widely cultivated in gardens. There are several hundred cultivars with wide diversity of leaf shapes and colors.

බූ-දද-කීරිය[Bu-Dada-Kiriya]/Common Spurgeof (Euphorbia hirta)

Common introduced weed of waste and cultivated grounds.

Grey-breasted Prinia/Franklin's Prinia (Prinia hodgsonii)

An uncommon breeding resident occurs locally from lowlands to mid hills. Much commoner in the dry zone and rare in the wet lowlands. It lives as pairs or as small flocks in forest edges, scrublands and grasslands. Its food consists of small insects such as moths, grasshoppers and caterpillars. The breeding season lasts from March to June. The nest placed within a pocket made by 'sawing' together of two large leaves or few smaller leaves like the Tailor bird. Nest usually build about 2 or 3 feet of the ground and it lays 3 eggs in it. 

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තෙල් තල [Thel Thala]/Gingerlly (Sesamum indicum)

An introduced annual herb with origin uncertain (Probably Africa or India). Widely cultivated and also naturalized along roadsides, waste lands and abandoned fields in the dry zone. Flowering from May to August and possibly throughout the year. Seeds edible.

Sleepy Morning (Waltheria indica)

An introduced shrubby herb native to tropical America.  It occurs along roadsides, weedy fields, waste places, rocky outcrops and cultivation from 8 to 330 m a.s.l. 

Cadaba trifoliata

An indigenous shrub or small tree occurs in lowland dry areas up to about 150 m a.s.l.

Ornate narrow mouthed frog/විසිතුරු මුව පටු මැඩියා (Microhyla ornata)

Rather common small frog inhabiting mainly anthropogenic habitats such as agricultural fields, plantations, home gardens, etc. from lowlands to about 465 m a.s.l. Commoner in the dry lowlands though also recorded from few locations of Central, Sabaragamuwa and Southern provinces. It hides under leaf litter, decaying logs, rocks, etc. during the day and forage during the night around open areas near small water bodies.

Taprobanea spathulata [Syn: Vanda spathulata]

An uncommon orchid species found on shrubs, trees and among rocks in intermediate and dry zone. Flowering from March to September and December.

Knobweed (Hyptis capitata)

Introduced large herb native to tropical America. First collected from Sri Lanka in 1953. Naturalized in waste places and along roadsides in slightly shaded places, often close to ditches and watercourses. It occurs from wet lowlands to lower hills up to 600 m a.s.l. Flowering from January to September.   

කොළොන්[Kolon] (Adina cordifolia [Syn: Haldina cordifolia])

An indigenous large tree common in dry and intermediate zone forests. Juice of bark is used to kill worms in sores and wood use in construction and carving industry. 

Grey-bellied Cuckoo/Indian Plaintive Cuckoo (Cacomantis passerinus)

Rather uncommon winter visitor to the lowland and mid hill scrublands, open forests and gardens. Much common in the dry zone. Also a summer loiterer. Grey-bellied Cuckoo usually seen as solitary birds though rarely occurs in small flocks. It feeds on insects by picking from foliage, ground or taking in flight like flycatchers. It is usually silent during the winter. It breeds in India from July to October. Parasitic on Prinias and Tailor birds. Female occurs in two color phases: reddish brown hepatic phase and the phase which resembles the male.

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Rungia longifolia

An endemic herb under shade and often close to streams in forests of moist lowlands. Flowering from March to April.
  

Heterotis rotundifolia

Native plant of tropical West Africa. Probably escaped from cultivation and naturalized in the wet lowland areas. 

හල් බැඹිය[Hal bebiya] (Cipadessa baccifera)

Common indigenous shrub or small tree occurs along forest edges, thickets, ravines and rock crevices in dry lowland and intermediate zone. Flowering throughout the year. 

Torenia anagallis [Syn: Lindernia anagallis]

An indigenous small herb common in harvested paddy fields and pond edges in wet lowlands and up to 550 m altitude in the wet hills. It usually grows in association with Lindernia rotundifolia. Flowering throughout the year.

Sonerila silvatica

Locally common endemic erect herb occurs in southwestern wet lowland forests. Sonerila silvatica grows sympatrically with the Sonerila rhombifolia.

Lollipop plant/Golden shrimp plant (Pachystachys lutea)

An introduced ornamental shrub native to Central and South America from El Salvador to Peru. Cultivated in gardens. 

හීන් ඇඹිල්ල[Heen Abilla] (Antidesma alexiteria)

Common native shrub or small tree distributed in both wet and dry lowlands. 

Dysphania palmyra

Expanse - 7 - 8 cm

Reference - The Lepidoptera of Ceylon - F. Moore, F.Z.S. Vol 3 Page 422- 423.

Larval host plant - දවට (Carallia brachiata)

External Links - http://www.inaturalist.org/listed_taxa/3412330

Spermacoce exilis [Spermacoce mauritiana]

An introduced annual herb native to tropical America. Naturalized in shady places and among grass (in the wet lowlands ?)