මල ලබු [Mala Labu](Piper umbellatum [Syn: Lepianthes umbellatum])

An introduced large herb native to Tropical America. Naturalized in shady places of disturbed and secondary forests.

Show Poppy (Eomecon chionantha)

An introduced herb native to the Eastern China. Escaped from cultivation and naturalized in shady places of the hill country. 

ශ්‍රී ලංකා සිතැසියා/ලංකා මල් කුරුල්ලා(Zosterops ceylonensis)

කඳුකරයේ මධ්‍යම උස් මට්ටමේ සිට ඉහල කඳුකරය දක්වා වනාන්තර සහ මනාව ගස් කොළන් සහිත වෙනත් එවැනි ස්ථාන සහ ගෙවතු වලද සුලභ මෙරටට ආවේනික කුරුල්ලෙකි ලංකා මල් කුරුල්ලා හෙවත් ශ්‍රී ලංකා  සිතැසියා. තවද සිංහරාජ වනාන්තරය වැනි පහත රට වනාන්තර වලද සීමිත ව්‍යාප්තියක් සහිතව හමුවේ. තරමක් විශාල රංචු වශයෙන් ආහාර සොයා යන සිතැසියන් ගස් වල කොළ අතු අතර සලබයන්, දලඹුවන් වැනි කුඩා කෘමීන් සහ මල් පැණි සොයමින් ඇතැම්විට වෙනත් කුරුළු විශේෂ සමගද එක්වී ගමන් කරයි. එහෙත් අභිජනන සමයේදී ජෝඩු වශයෙන් එකතු වූ කුරුල්ලන් දැකිය හැකි අතර වසරේ මාර්තු සිට මැයි දක්වාත්, නැවතත් අගෝස්තු සිට සැප්තැම්බර් දක්වාත් අභිජනනය සිදු කරයි. ශ්‍රී ලංකා සිතැසියා ගසක පහල අතු අතර එල්ලෙන කෝප්පයක හැඩය සහිත කූඩුවක ලා නිල් පැහැති බිත්තර දෙකක් දමයි.
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Litsea ovalifolia

An endemic large shrub or small tree very common in the montane zone from 1000 to 2300 m elevations. 

Shamrock pea (Parochetus communis)

An indigenous, creeping or sometime twining herb rather common in damp or wet soil among other low plants at higher hills of Central and Uva provinces.

Ranunculus wallichianus

An indigenous herb grows among low herbs in damp more or less shady places such as along forest tracks in the upper montane zone. Flowering from April to October.

Cardamine africana

An indigenous herb of damp, shady understorey vegetation in montane forests, in clearings and forest roadsides up to about 3400 m. 

මදන මෝහිණී වැල්/වැල් මදට/යගන වැල් [Madana Mohini Wel/Wel Madata/Yagana Wel] (Rubia cordifolia)

Common indigenous perennial herb of secondary and disturbed montane forests.  

මහ කිඹු [Maha Kimbu] (Dichrocephala integrifolia)

An indigenous common weed of drainage ditches, tea estates and moist waste grounds. Flowering throughout the year. 

Black Wattle (Acacia mearnsii)

An introduced tree native to Australia. Planted in some locations in the higher hills. An invasive tree in some other countries where this tree has been introduced (Vlas J. & Vlas J., 2014). Dasanayaka M.D & Fosberg F.R, 1980. recorded it from Pattipola. Few trees can be still observed along the road from Pattipola to Ohiya via Horton Plains National Park. Will it be a threat to the native and rare endemic plants of the Horton Plains National Park sooner or later?

Dasanayaka M.D & Fosberg F.R, 1980, A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon Volume 1
Vlas J. & Vlas J., 2014, Illustrated field guide to the flowers of Sri Lanka, Volume 2

Sticky Mouse Ear (Cerastium glomeratum)

An introduced annual herb probably native to the Europe.Common in the wet montane zone from 1800 to 2400 m elevations.

Cinnamomum ovalifolium

An indigenous small tree. Rather common in the wet montane zone above 1500 a.s.l.

Grey Headed Canary Flycatcher/හිස අළු මැසිමාරා/ අළුහිස් කහ මැසිමාරා[Hisa Alu Masimara/Aluhis Kaha Masimara] (Culicicapa ceylonensis)

Rather uncommon breeding resident in forests and wooded areas of mid hills and above. Grey-headed Canary Flycatcher usually found as pairs and feeds mainly on flying insects. It often joins mixed species feeding flocks. The breeding season lasts from February to May. The nest is a deep cup of fibers, moss etc. stuck together with cobwebs and place against a tree trunk on the side of the boulder or in a recess in a mossy bank where it lays 2-3 eggs.

සිංහලෙන් කියවන්න >>

Ophiorrhiza rugosa

Native erect or procumbent herb occurs in primary and secondary  forests and damp places in the wet zone. 

තිත්බටු/තිත්ත බටු[Tibbatu/Titta batu](Solanum violaceum)

Very common native slender armed shrub occurs as a weed of roadsides, waste places and abandoned cultivated grounds from sea level to about 2100 m elevations. 

Eriocaulon brownianum

Rather common native large herb of marshy grasslands of the higher elevations from 950 to 2200 m a.s.l.

Symplocos elegans

An endemic shrub or treelet grows in montane forests from 1000 to 1900 m elevations.

Taxillus incanus

An indigenous semi-parasitic shrub growing on branches of trees. Common in the wet zone up to about 2100 m elevations. Flowering probably all the year round. 

Acilepis setigera (Syn: Vernonia setigera)

An indigenous shrub common in jungle paths and montane forests from 1500 - 1800 m elevations. Flowering from December to June.

මයිලගොයා (Columba torringtoniae)

ශ්‍රී ලංකාවට ආවේනික දුර්ලභ පක්ෂියෙකු වන මයිලගොයා කඳුකරයේ  වනාන්තර වල සහ මනාව ගස් කොළන් සහිත ප්‍රදේශ වල දැකිය හැක. තවද පහත රට වැසි වනාන්තර ප්‍රදේශ වලද විශේෂයෙන් පළතුරු සුලභ කාල වලදී ඇතැම්විට දැකිය හැක. ප්‍රධාන වශයෙන් පළතුරු ආහාරයට ගන්නා මයිලාගොයා තනිව, ජෝඩු වශයෙන් හෝ කුඩා රංචු වශයෙන් හමුවේ. වසරේ පෙබරවාරි සිට මැයි දක්වාත් නැවත අගෝස්තු සිට ඔක්තෝබර් දක්වාත් අභිජනනය කරන මයිලගොයින් වනාන්තර උඩු වියනේ ගසක අත්තක් මත කෝටු කැබලි එක් රැස් කර සාදන කූඩුවක සුදු පැහැති එක් බිත්තරයක් පමණක් දමයි. මෙරටදී පමණක්ම දැකිය හැකි මයිලගොයා කඳුකර වනාන්තර හෙලි පෙහෙලි කිරීම වැනි උපද්‍රව හේතුවෙන් තර්ජනයට ලක්වූ පක්ෂියෙකු ලෙස සලකයි.
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Sambars of Mahaeliya

Piper zeylanicum

An endemic terrestrial or epiphytic climber common in moist primary and secondary forests between 1300 and 2400 m elevations. Rarely descending to about 700 m in Ratnapura district.

Thyme leaved Speedwell (Veronica serpyllifolia)

An introduced herb native to Eurasia. Common in the lawns, roadsides, cultivated grounds and rocky hill tops in the upper hill country above 1800 m a.s.l.

නර බූත[Nara Bute]/False Blackberry/Oval leaved Bramble (Rubus ellipticus)

An indigenous sub-erect or scrambling shrub of jungle clearings, edges of forests and roadsides of  montane regions above 1000 m a.s.l. Flowering all the year round.

Barberry (Berberis ceylanica)

An endemic shrub occurs in montane forests and forest borders up to about 2200 m a.s.l.

Striped rush leaf/Spreading blue eyed grass (Sisyrinchium micranthum [Syn: Sisyrinchium iridifolium])

An introduced herb native to Tropical America. Escaped and naturalized among grasses along roadsides and open places in the montaze zone.  Flowers open around 10 AM and close late afternoon. Flowering intermittently throughout the year. 

Coelogyne odoratissima

Rather common native epiphyte grows on trees of montane forests above 1800 m elevations. 

ගොරකා/රත් ගොරකා [Goraka/Rat Goraka](Garcinia quaesita)

An endemic tree occurs in wet lowlands and intermediate zone up to about 1000 m a.s.l. The fruits are broken into segments and dried in the sun or over a fire to used for making curries. Often cultivated in home gardens. 

Podochilus falcatus

An endemic tufted epiphyte on trunks of trees and on rocks in mid country to sub montane forests from 610 to 1829 m elevations.

Sonerila glaberrima

Rather rare endemic herb of montane zone.

Sonerila affinis

Rather common endemic herb of montane forests.

Five bar Swordtail

Strobilanthes habracanthoides

An endemic and rare undershrub grows by the streams in moist south western hill forests from 650 to 1300 m elevations.

Hypericum japonicum

An indigenous herb of wet places among grass in open areas, along ditches and faddy fields. Common in the montane zone. 

Micrococca oligandra

An indigenous shrub of hill country forests of the moist regions from 600 to 1500 m elevations. 

ගස් දූල් [Gas dul]/Wild rhea (Debregeasia longifolia)

 Common native shrub or small tree of wet montane forests from 750 to 1500 m elevations. Flowering and fruiting from October to February.

Plantago asiatica subsp. erosa

An indigenous perennial herb grows along roadsides, open places and cultivated lands in the montane and upper montane areas. Flowering throughout the year.  

Oriental false hawksbeard (Youngia japonica)

An indigenous very common weed of cultivation and roadsides at mid elevations. Flowering from September to June.

Wax begonia/Free flowering begonia(Begonia cucullata)

An introduced herb native to Tropical America (Brazil to Uruguay) Very common in central hills along roadsides and in tea plantations.

Quick weed (Galinsoga parviflora)

An introduced herb native to tropical South America. A common weed in cultivated grounds and wastelands. Flowering throughout the year.

Oberonia longibracteata

Rather rare native tufted epiphyte found on trees in the sub-montane or mid-country tropical wet evergreen forests at about 1981 m a.s.l.

Pogostemon rupestris

An endemic annual herb grows under shade close to streams in the montane and sub montane forests from 1200 to 2400 m elevations. Flowering from February to July. 

Violet (Viola betonicifolia)

Rather common native herb of montane to sub montane areas in the wet zone from 1000 to 2000 m elevations. Flowering and fruiting from February to April.

Dicliptera neesii

An endemic prostrate herb grows among grasses in under shade of secondary dry lowland forests. Often occurs close to streams. Flowering from May to August.

Blumea hieraciifolia

An indigenous perennial herb growing in patana grasslands, roadsides and forest margins above 1000 m a.s.l. Flowering from October to May. The variety flexuosa is endemic to the Sri Lanka and it occurs in two forms (yellow - flowered and purple - flowered)

මිහිරිය[Mihiriya] (Polyspora ceylanica [Syn: Gordonia ceylanica])

An endemic medium size tree occurs in montane wet zone forests from 900 to 2100 m elevations
Flower size - 3.2 - 4.2 cm

එළුවන්කුලම||Eluwankulama

ආනවිලුන්දාව||Anawilundawa Sanctuary

Jerdon’s Leafbird /ගිරා කුරුල්ලා/ජරදන් කොළරීසියා [Girakurulla/Jaradan Kolarisiya](Chloropsis jerdoni)

Common breeding resident of forests, open wooded areas and home gardens of the dry lowlands. Uncommon in wet lowlands and hills up to about 1100m a.s.l.  It lives as pairs or as family parties during the breeding season after the young are fledged. It has  very harsh calls and often mimics other birds. Jerdon’s Leafbird feeds on insects, fruits and nectar of flowers in the tree canopy. The breeding season lasts from November to May. The nest is a small hammock, slung between two twigs of a small forked branch and well hidden often high in a tree in foliage. 

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White frangipani/Bridal bouquet (Plumeria pudica)

An introduced shrub native to Panama, Colombia and Venezuela. Cultivated as an ornamental in home gardens.