A rare arboreal and terrestrial vagrant, this species inhabits open country with scattered trees and bushes, as well as groves and gardens. It typically skulks on the ground close to tree cover and, when disturbed, often flies into the tree crown where it perches and moves along branches. Its diet consists mainly of invertebrates, particularly insects such as grasshoppers, beetles, ants, and spiders, although it also consumes some plant material. Compared with other small pipits, it is notable for its frequent and nervous tail-pumping behavior. The species breeds in northwestern Europe, as well as in India, Pakistan, and possibly the mountains of Afghanistan, and winters primarily in central India.
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