Bush Hopper (Ampittia dioscorides singa)

Common insect found in lowland paddy fields and grasslands up to about 500 m a.s.l. Its larva feeds on paddy (Oryza sativa),  Leersia hexandra (ලෙව්/Bareet Grass) and also on Carpet grass/පොටු තණකොළ (Axonopus compressus) when offered. 

පේර තඹල[Pera-tambala] (Gaertnera vaginans)

An endemic large shrub grows in primary and secondary forests of moist low country. 

Common Redshank (Tringa totanus)

Common Redshank is a common winter migrant mainly to the dry coastal areas. It is less common in wet zone and occasionally occurred in inland.  It feeds on crabs, mollusks, worms and other aquatic animals in shallow water in mudflats, salt marshes, coasts, lagoons, etc solitary or as small groups, sometime with other waders. Race eurhinus (Status of the other race terrignotae in Sri Lanka is considered as uncertain) which is the most common in Sri Lanka breeds in Central Asia.

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කුකුල් කදුරු/වල් කදුරු/වස කදුරු[Kukul-kaduru/Wal-kaduru/Wasa-kaduru] (Petchia ceylanica)

An endemic and rather uncommon shrub or small tree growing in disturbed low country rain forest areas. It is considered to be poisonous. 

Indian Cupid (Everes lacturnus parrhasius)

Rather uncommon butterfly occurs all over the island in all the year round from sea level to about 1500m a.s.l. Larva feeds on Grona heterophylla (මහ උඳුපියලි/Spanish clover), Grona heterocarpos (ඇත් උඳුපියලිය/Asian ticktrefil), Desmodium triflorum (හීන් උඳුපියලිය/Creeping tick threefoil/Tick clover), Desmodium uncinatum (Silverleaf Desmodium) and Desmodium pryonii of the family Fabaceae. 

Brown Shrike (lanius cristatus)

Brown shrike is a migrant to the island. It occurs as two races in Sri Lanka and race cristatus is the most common while Philippine Shrike or race lucionensis is uncommon. Both races can be seen in open areas with trees or bushes throughout the country. While its stay in Sri Lanka it feeds on insects like grasshoppers, beetles, etc. Brown shrike (race cristatus ) breeds in central Asian region and ‘Philippine’ in Eastern Asia. 

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වද/සපත්තු මල්[Wada/Sapaththu Mal]/Shoe-Flower/Chinese Hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis)

Large shrub with flowers with varies colors such as red, white, orange, pink, purple, yellow and sometimes brownish-yellow with a red center etc. It is native plant of China and introduced to Sri lsnka and cultivated in home gardens. Escapees also occurs in waste lands. Flowering throughout the year. 

Chestnut Bob (Iambrix salsala luteipalpus)

Common insect found in jungles and scrublands in all elevations of the island throughout the year (Gamage R., 2007).  More common in wet zone and probably scarce or absent in higher hills and northern part of the country according to the Ormiston (Ormiston W., 1924). The larva feeds on Axonopus compressus, Ochlandra stridula, Oryza sativa, Ischaemum timorense and Eragrostis viscosa

කුරුළුගොයා[Kurulugoya]/Shikra (Accipiter badius badius)

Common breeding resident throughout the island. It avoids dense forests and can be found in open areas, plantations, village gardens and even in towns with some trees. Shikra preys mainly on small birds and lizards. It usually perches high in a tree watching for a prey and flies down to catch it with talons. It breeds from March to May and probably again in August to September and build a nest with twigs and grasses place among foliage high in a big tree.

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එඬරු/තෙල් එඬරු/බෙහෙත් එඬරු[Endaru[Erandu]/Tel-Erandu/Beheth-Erandu]/Castor Bean (Ricinus communis)

Annual or perennial herb probably of East African origin, now widely cultivated and also naturalized in village gardens, secondary forests, scrub lands etc.  Seeds use for production of castor oil and whole plant is medicinal.

Common hourglass tree frog (Polypedates cruciger)

An arboreal frog of about 60mm snout to vent length of male and 90 of female. Endemic to Sri Lanka and distributed in both wet and dry zone up to about 1525m a.s.l though not much common in dry zone. It is much common around anthropogenic habitats and usually it is encountered inside bathrooms, overhead water tanks, banana groves and other such vegetation.

Milky Cerulean (Jamides lacteata)

Rare and endemic butterfly found in mid country. Ormiston recorded it from Haldummulla, Wellawaya, Monaragala, Ratnapura, Kandy and Deniyaya (Ormiston W., 1924).  Larva feeds on Lepisanthes erecta and Lepisanthes tetraphylla var. trichocarpa (දාඹු)

කොහිල/ඇඟිලි කොහිල/මහ කොහිල[Kohila/Engili-Kohila/Maha-Kohila] (Lasia spinosa)

A native herb grows in marshy places in moist low lands. It is also cultivated since inside of stems and tender leaves are used in curries.

Flower – Greenish brown to dark purple twisted spathe of 20-55 cm long. It is half open at the base.

බට්ටිච්චා[Battichcha]/Common Tailorbird (Orthotomus sutorius)

Very common breeding resident found in wooded areas and home gardens both in villages and towns in al climatic zones of the island. It keeps in pairs and actively feeds on small insects, spiders etc. among foliage of trees and bushes, usually uttering its loud and rather monotonous call to keep in touch with its partner. It breeds probably throughout the year but the main season appears to be February to March. Common Tailorbird builds its nest in a cavity formed by sewing together either the sides of a large single leave or of two or more smaller leaves, where it lays 2-3 eggs. 

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Sweet broom weed/Licorice weed (Scoparia dulcis)

Common introduced perennial herb grows in roadsides and waste lands in both wet and dry lowlands. Native plant of tropical America.Flowering throughout the year.

Common Treebrown (Lethe rohria)

Common butterfly found in hills (Between 500 and 5000ft) throughout the year. Scarce in lower elevations. It only flies very short distance at a time. No records available on its larval host plant or on early stages in Sri Lanka.

ඇට්ටේරියා[Etteria]/Orange jasmine (Murraya paniculata)

An indigenous shrub or small tree of monsoon forest understory, rocky outcrops and also limestone substrates of both wet and dry zone lowlands up to about 1000m a.s.l. 

ගේ කුරුල්ලා[Ge-Kurulla]/House Sparrow (Passer domesticus)

Common breeding resident inhabiting close to the human habitations throughout the country. It feeds in flocks on seeds, insects and food wastes around human dwellings. House Sparrow breeds throughout the year and nest is a mass of grass, straws, etc., line with feathers and place in a cavity in a building. But usually people use to put up earthenware chatties on the walls of houses for these birds so that they can utilize them for nests.

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එරමුඳු/එරබඳු[Eramudu/Erabadu]/December tree/Malayan Dadap (Erythrina subumbrans)

Native tree of tropical Asia. Introduced (Native? >>) into Sri Lanka in 1852 from Java for shade and green manure in tea and cocoa estates. Flowering from June to January. Bright red flowers attract varies hill country birds such as  whiteeyes, bulbuls, sunbirds etc.

Indian Fritillary (Argynnis hyperbius taprobana)

An uncommon butterfly found in hills above 1500m throughout the year. It usually encounters in Patana lands close to forests. Its larval host plants are Viola betonicifolia (Violet) of family Violaceae, a very common weed of tea plantations. It also feeds on Viola pilosa of the same family. Indian Fritillary sometimes basks on pathways and streams, wings outstretched flat and usually coming to the same spot or flies short distance if disturbed.