Blue Wanderer/Dark Wanderer (Pareronia ceylanica ceylanica)

Rather uncommon butterfly found in low country below 1800 ft a.s.l. all the year round while seldom also flies in the hills.  Its female occurs in three forms and those forms vary greatly in width of blue markings though all of them are darker than the male. One such form mimics poisonous Blue tiger and one of another form mimics Euploea species (Crows) -also poisonous- and by that escape from its predators. Its food plant are Capparis brevispina and  Capparis zeylanica (සුදු වෙළන්ගිරිය) of the family Capparaceae.

කොටිකන් වවුලා[Kotikan Waula]/Great horse-shoe Bat/Lesser Woolly Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus beddomei sobrinus)

Great horse-shoe bat is restricted to forested areas of both wet and dry zone lowlands. However a specimen from Madamahanwara (1077m a.s.l ) was also collected ( Bats of  the Indian Subcontinent – P.j.j. Bates and D.L. Harrison, 1997). It spends the day time hanging by one foot, with their wings wrapped around them in a hollow tree or a small cave. Great horse-shoe Bat lives solitary, in pairs or as small parties of up to three individuals. It emerges in the late evening from its diurnal roost and flies low over the ground among low bushes and along jungle paths in seeking of its prey which consists of beetles, termites and other flying insects. Race sobrinus is endemic to Sri Lanka.

Brown Awl (Badamia exelamationis)

Rather rare skipper found in all elevations of the country in all the year round while scarce in higher hills. It is a migratory species and sometimes appears in great numbers usually in company with Ceylon Banded Awl (Hasora badra lanka) and White-banded Awl (Hasora taminatus taminatus). It is less afraid of sun unlike other two and often visits flowers even on a bright day. The larva feeds on Terminalia bellirica and Hiptage benghalensis.

බෝ[Bo]/Peepal/Sacred Bo (Ficus religiosa)

An introduced tree from Himalayan forests of India to Sri Lanka. Bo is the tree it is said that under which the Lord Buddha attained the enlightenment. A sprig of that same tree was brought to Sri Lanka in the year 288 B.C. and still survives at the Mahamevna garden of Anuradhapura – the ancient capital of Sri Lanka – and which is known as the oldest historical tree. In Sri Lanka it is commonly cultivated at temples, parks, along roads etc. 

නීලකොබෙයියා[Neela-Kobeiyya]/Emerald Dove/Bronze-winged Pigeon (Chalcophaps indica robinsoni)

Common breeding resident of forests and well wooded home gardens and plantations of all climatic zones while rare in higher hills and less common in drier areas. It feeds on various seeds, grains and berries and spends mainly on ground solitary or in pairs. Emerald Dove breeds all the year round but peak in February to March and possibly again in September. The nest is placed in a small tree or bush in jungle usually not very high from the ground where it lays two eggs.

Black-tailed Godwit (Limosa limosa)

Common winter migrant to the coastal areas of the dry zone and also to the some inland water bodies.  During its stay here Black-tailed Godwit inhabits marshes, coastal mudflats, lagoons, paddy fields and tanks singly or as small to large flocks.  Black-tailed Godwit was formerly considered as a rare vagrant but in 1944 W.W.A Phillips recorded 200 to 300 birds at Mullativu lagoon (Phillips W.W.A 1978) and since then it has become a common winter visitor to the island. It breeds in Europe and Western Asia. 

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Dark-glittering Threadtail (Elattoneura centralis)

Locally common damselfly inhabiting forest streams and rivers from low country to mid-hills. 

American mint (Mesosphaerum suaveolens [Syn: Hyptis suaveolens])

An introduced weed common in wastelands, roadsides, coconut plantations etc. from sea level to about 525m a.s.l. It is a native plant of tropical America. 

Bush Hopper (Ampittia dioscorides singa)

Common insect found in lowland paddy fields and grasslands up to about 500 m a.s.l. Its larva feeds on paddy (Oryza sativa),  Leersia hexandra (ලෙව්/Bareet Grass) and also on Carpet grass/පොටු තණකොළ (Axonopus compressus) when offered. 

පේර තඹල[Pera-tambala] (Gaertnera vaginans)

An endemic large shrub grows in primary and secondary forests of moist low country. 

Common Redshank (Tringa totanus)

Common Redshank is a common winter migrant mainly to the dry coastal areas. It is less common in wet zone and occasionally occurred in inland.  It feeds on crabs, mollusks, worms and other aquatic animals in shallow water in mudflats, salt marshes, coasts, lagoons, etc solitary or as small groups, sometime with other waders. Race eurhinus (Status of the other race terrignotae in Sri Lanka is considered as uncertain) which is the most common in Sri Lanka breeds in Central Asia.

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කුකුල් කදුරු/වල් කදුරු/වස කදුරු[Kukul-kaduru/Wal-kaduru/Wasa-kaduru] (Petchia ceylanica)

An endemic and rather uncommon shrub or small tree growing in disturbed low country rain forest areas. It is considered to be poisonous. 

Indian Cupid (Everes lacturnus parrhasius)

Rather uncommon butterfly occurs all over the island in all the year round from sea level to about 1500m a.s.l. Larva feeds on Grona heterophylla (මහ උඳුපියලි/Spanish clover), Grona heterocarpos (ඇත් උඳුපියලිය/Asian ticktrefil), Desmodium triflorum (හීන් උඳුපියලිය/Creeping tick threefoil/Tick clover), Desmodium uncinatum (Silverleaf Desmodium) and Desmodium pryonii of the family Fabaceae. 

Brown Shrike (lanius cristatus)

Brown shrike is a migrant to the island. It occurs as two races in Sri Lanka and race cristatus is the most common while Philippine Shrike or race lucionensis is uncommon. Both races can be seen in open areas with trees or bushes throughout the country. While its stay in Sri Lanka it feeds on insects like grasshoppers, beetles, etc. Brown shrike (race cristatus ) breeds in central Asian region and ‘Philippine’ in Eastern Asia. 

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වද/සපත්තු මල්[Wada/Sapaththu Mal]/Shoe-Flower/Chinese Hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis)

Large shrub with flowers with varies colors such as red, white, orange, pink, purple, yellow and sometimes brownish-yellow with a red center etc. It is native plant of China and introduced to Sri lsnka and cultivated in home gardens. Escapees also occurs in waste lands. Flowering throughout the year. 

Chestnut Bob (Iambrix salsala luteipalpus)

Common insect found in jungles and scrublands in all elevations of the island throughout the year (Gamage R., 2007).  More common in wet zone and probably scarce or absent in higher hills and northern part of the country according to the Ormiston (Ormiston W., 1924). The larva feeds on Axonopus compressus, Ochlandra stridula, Oryza sativa, Ischaemum timorense and Eragrostis viscosa

කුරුළුගොයා[Kurulugoya]/Shikra (Accipiter badius badius)

Common breeding resident throughout the island. It avoids dense forests and can be found in open areas, plantations, village gardens and even in towns with some trees. Shikra preys mainly on small birds and lizards. It usually perches high in a tree watching for a prey and flies down to catch it with talons. It breeds from March to May and probably again in August to September and build a nest with twigs and grasses place among foliage high in a big tree.

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එඬරු/තෙල් එඬරු/බෙහෙත් එඬරු[Endaru[Erandu]/Tel-Erandu/Beheth-Erandu]/Castor Bean (Ricinus communis)

Annual or perennial herb probably of East African origin, now widely cultivated and also naturalized in village gardens, secondary forests, scrub lands etc.  Seeds use for production of castor oil and whole plant is medicinal.

Common hourglass tree frog (Polypedates cruciger)

An arboreal frog of about 60mm snout to vent length of male and 90 of female. Endemic to Sri Lanka and distributed in both wet and dry zone up to about 1525m a.s.l though not much common in dry zone. It is much common around anthropogenic habitats and usually it is encountered inside bathrooms, overhead water tanks, banana groves and other such vegetation.

Milky Cerulean (Jamides lacteata)

Rare and endemic butterfly found in mid country. Ormiston recorded it from Haldummulla, Wellawaya, Monaragala, Ratnapura, Kandy and Deniyaya (Ormiston W., 1924).  Larva feeds on Lepisanthes erecta and Lepisanthes tetraphylla var. trichocarpa (දාඹු)